Manufactured plate for ceiling construction.



No. 756,015. PATENIED MAR. .29, 1904. I

- w. GUTZEIT.

MANUFACTURED PLATE FOR CEILING consmumon,

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11-, 1903.

no MODEL.

lit lie/@607" W'tusses? I 3 w ,uuu/ k I 3,, aw. w

' plane of the girder-flanges.

UNITED-- STATE Patented March 29, 1904 2-- PATENT OFFICE.

MANUFACTURED PI 'ATE FOR CEILING CONSTRUCTION-S.

SPECIFICATION 'forming part of Letters, Patent No. 756,015, dated March 29, 1904. I

. Application filed April 11', 1903.

. T0 all whom it"may concern: I

Be it known that I, WILHELM 'GUTZEIT, avsubject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, and a resident of Oharlottenburg, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Manufactured Plates for Ceiling Construc tions, of which the following is aspecification. 4

This invention has reference to plates for 4 theconstruction of ceilings manufactured from an artificialcomposition. These plates may cores or wire- The invention consists particularly in 'pro- 'ducing plates of such character that by their;

insertion between the beams or girders a ceiling is obtained which sustains heavy Weight. At the same time the upper portion of the ceilingforms afinished floor Without requiring any covering materialsuch as asphalt, linoleum, boarding, or the likeand a floor is directly obtained which may be p'olished or painted and permits of driving nails therein.

On the lower surface the plates have'transversal ribs at short intervals, which likewise permit of drivingnails therein. The transversal ribs enable one to put on directly the,

plastering, to;mount,gas piping and electrical wires, and to fasten partitions of. planks or of plastered wire-cloth, Toattain this purpose,. the plates are manufactured of material which permits of driving nails therein: They are:

formed in such a manner that sustaining-ribs" extend from the horizontal upper slab portion, .whi'ch is level on the, top, down tothe lower )Transportable plates for ceiling 'construc tions are Well known. Heretofore otherlceil ingv were.v constructed with beams of material permitting of driving nails therein. These beams'were inserted between the girders and placed edgewise. Other ceilings were made of .beton, andfliron cores embedded therein.

' The-plates. of these are in form of caps with aleVeI'upper portion from which ribs ex tend :downwardly These ceilings are -.de

ficient, because they lackv the advantageous effectEof-the combination of a plate material permitting. of driving nails therein with the 5 form Qfribhed caps or slabs. Besides, they Serial No. 152,124. (No model.)

are not easily manufactured for insertion.

Other ceilings with beams permitting of nailing do not produce a finished floor, and their capacity of sustaining weight is less, not to mention the troublesome, time-Wasting, and

costly mounting of the single beams in their reciprocal location. Further, ceilings made before were provided with ribs, which increase the durability; but they require a sep arate floor on top, and onfthe lower surface Wooden rafters must be provided for fixing.

the plastering and the like.

"The present invention produces ceilings in which the describeddeficiencies are avoided. Theplates of which the ceilings are composed possess the advantage of being easily inserted,

and they are plain in construction and quickly manufactured. There is an increased guarantee for the uniformity of the plate material, because'it is manufactured in special Works.

The 'advan't ageous arrangement of the ribs in-' creasesthe capacity of sustaining weight, and

the ability of, driving nails into this material is not to be considered alone. The fact that the plates from this material are made in'the form of caps or slabs with ribsreaching to the lowerplane of the girder-flanges, said form being well known in 'bGtOIIfII'OH ceilings, de-

velops the'useful property of the material viz, to drive nails the-rein. In addition there is'the beneficialeffect of obtaining directly a finished floor by uniting the plates to form the ceiling, which floor may be painted and mailed and which has below a set of ribs forming'a" material, and Wages are saved. The form of ceiling illustrated in the drawings further shows an additional advantage." There is an arrangement of a te'non' and mortise o'n'the sides of the upper portion of the plates. Thisappliance does not solely serve for the purpose of obtaining the desired joint that is a well-fixedassemblage of the plates which'ai'e' set against each other. Italso forces the workingman to insert the plates properly fore the masonry-work at the ends of the beams is done, because otherwise the tenonand-mortise device will not join. This is necessary for a quick production of the ceiling and the early use of the latter for storing material, the erection of scaffolding, &c.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a plate in longitudinal section. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of same. Fig. 3 shows the plate in front view. Fig. 4 represents a plate in longitudinal elevation. Fig. 5 is a bottom view, and Fig. 6 illustrates in perspective View a part of the ceiling composed of the plates.

In carrying out my invention I construct plates or tiles which are composed of turf, slag, rubbish, wood, slag, and quicklime, and an organic binder, such as molasses. When these ingredients are thoroughly mixed and made into a pasty mass of the proper consistency, the tiles may be molded by hydraulic pressure and are then quickly dried, and the product is a fireproof tile which does not warp and which is penetrable to the extent that nails or screws and the like may be driven therein, and although these tiles are plastic they may be cut or worked like wood.

In forming a tile the upper surface thereof is made flat to provide a slab portion a, which forms a floor when the plates are assembled, and around the edges of this slab portion are formed mortise-and-tenonconnections ynNhich interlock upon the contiguous edges of the slab portion when the plates are assembled, and thus the use of mortar or'cement to fill in the interstices of the joints is obviated. Extending transversely from the lower side of the slab portion a are ribs d, which may bev arranged at each side and in the middle, as shown in the drawings. Theseribs not only strengthen the tile, but provide a foundation for securing a plastering-base, such as wirenetting, laths, or the like. To further strengthen the tiles, the ribs d may have metal cores 6 or wire-netting embedded therein, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6. The ends of the plates are formed with projections c, which are adapted to engage between the flanges of the girders h and the height of which is such as to permit the tiles or plates to be used with girders of various heights, and these projections terminate short of the upper and lower surface of the tile, so thata groove is formed between the upper slab portion (Land the projections 0, which permits the upper slab portion to project or overlap the edge of the upper flange of the girder and contact with the adjacent tile. At the ends along the lower edge there is formed a rabbet c, which fits upon the lower flange of the girders and by means of which the lower edges of the ribs d are caused to lie flush with the end face of the girders, so that when the plastering-base f is secured thereto the lower flanges of the girders do not offer obstructions to the same, and alevelceiling is insured.

By forming the plates in the manner above described a combined floor and ceiling construction is provided, and the plates may be inserted between the girders without the use of false supporting-work beneath.

It being premised that the girders have been placed upon the walls of a building under construction, the plates are slid in between the girders and preferably arranged so that one series of plates will break joint with those of another series, as is shown in Fig. 6, and by means of the mortise-andtenon connection they are securely locked together, and this locking is insured by reason of the fact that the plates have to be in intimate contact before the wall at the end of the girders is built above the girders; otherwise the plates could not be inserted and any opening between the plates could not afterward be made up. v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. In a combined floor and ceiling construction, the combination with the beams or girders, of tiles supported by the girders and each having an upper slab portion forming a floorsurface, the ends of the slab portion overlapping the tops of the girders, and means formed on the contiguous edges of the slab portions to lock the tiles together.

2. In a combined floor and ceiling construction, the combination with the beams, of tiles supported by the beams and each having an upper slab portion forming a floor-surface, the ends of the slab portion overlapping the tops of the girders, means formed on the contiguous edges to lock the tiles together, and ribs extending from the lower face of the slab portion and having their edges flush with the under face of the beams.

3. In a combined floor and ceiling construction, the combination with the I-beams, of tiles composed of penetrable plastic material supported by the beams and each having an upper slab portion forming a floor-surface, the ends of the slab portion overlapping the tops of the girders and having their contiguous edges interlocked, ribs extending from the lower face of the slab portion, projections formed on the ends of the tiles and adapted to engage the lower flange of the beams and having their lower edges rabbeted to correspond with the thickness of said lower flange, whereby the edges of the ribs are flush with the under face of the beams.

4. In a combined floor and ceiling construction, the combination with the I-beams, of tiles composed of penetrable plastic material, and each having an upper slab portion, the ends of which overlap the top of the beams to form a floor-surface, ribs projecting from the lower face of the slab portion, projections formed on the ends of the tiles terminated short of the upper surface thereof and having a rabbet formed in their lower edges, the projections extending between the upper and lower flanges of the beams with the rabbets engaging the lower flange, whereby the edges of the rabbets are flush with the under face of the beams, and

a plastering-base secured to the edges of the ribs, substantially as specified.

5. In a combined floor and ceiling construction, the combination With the Lbeams, of tiles composed of penetrable plastic material and each having an upper slab portion forming a floor-surface, tenon-and-mortise connections on the contiguous edges of the slab portion, projections on the ends of the tile terminated short of the upper and lower surfaces thereof 5 and adapted to extend between the upper and lower flanges of the beams, whereby the ends of the slab portion will overlap the upper surface of the beams and the lower surface of the tiles will lie flush with the under face of the 20 beams, substantially as specified.

Signed at Berlin this 27th day of March,- 1903. 1

' VVILHELM GUTZEIT.

Witnesses:

HENRY HASPER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

